Wednesday 30th January 2013: Gant Chart

 

 

This is the gant chart which I have produced in order to plan my research. I am going to follow this in order to have an up to date research plan and so that I can keep up with what I plan to do.

 

My gant chart includes:

 

 

Week 1: Internet research and looking at blogs. Doing internet research will enable me to find out various facts as well as everything relating to the topic. Lookig at blogs will give me information on a wide rang of things regarding the subject (personal blogs and diaries, etc) and will alos give me evidence and opinions to use in my essay.

 

Week 2: Internet research, looking at blogs, watching documentaries reading newspaper articles and reading magazine articles. Internet research, watching documentaries reading newspaper articles and reading magazine articles. Doing internet research will enable me to find out various facts as well as everything relating to the topic. Lookig at blogs will give me information on a wide rang of things regarding the subject (personal blogs and diaries, etc) and will alos give me evidence and opinions to use in my essay.  Documentaries on surgery which range widely throughout the topic will give me an insight into the topic and will also help me to come to a personal opinion as well as an answer to my question. Looking at newspapers will give me the latest information and news stories regarding plastic surgery (if there is any) and looking at magazine articles will give me real life and celebrity stories about plastic surgery (if there is any) which can all be used as evidece in my essay.

 

Week 3: Internet research, watching documentaries reading newspaper articles and reading magazine articles. Doing internet research will enable me to find out various facts as well as everything relating to the topic. Documentaries on surgery which range widely throughout the topic will give me an insight into the topic and will also help me to come to a personal opinion as well as an answer to my question. Looking at newspapers will give me the latest information and news stories regarding plastic surgery (if there is any) and looking at magazine articles will give me real life and celebrity stories about plastic surgery (if there is any) which can all be used as evidece in my essay.

 

Week 4: Internet research, watching documentaries, emailing people and professionals and looking at journals. Doing internet research will enable me to find out various facts as well as everything relating to the topic. Documentaries on surgery which range widely throughout the topic will give me an insight into the topic and will also help me to come to a personal opinion as well as an answer to my question. I will need to email professionals and people who have had surgery in order to ask them if I can interview them and, if they say yes, organising the interview. Looking as professional journals will give me professional opinions and facts which can be referenced in my essay.

 

Week 5: Interviewing professionals, interviewing people who have had surgery as well as looking at medical journals. This gives me professional opinions and facts (journals and pro interviews) as well as personal opinions (people interviews) which will all be referenced or quoted in my essay.

 

Week 6: Interviewing people who have had surgery as well as looking at medical journals. This will be good to do because the interviews will be able to give me facts as well as personal opinions regarding plastic surgery whoch can be referenced in my essay. Looking as professional journals will give me professional opinions and facts.

Tuesday 22nd Jan 2013- Anaesthetic Research: Pain??

Decided to research into whether or not the procedures are painful.

Clearly with the use of anaesthetic, people are not going to be conscious or feel any pain, however before the development of anaesthetic- did people still go through with it throughout the pain??

Anaesthetic was developed and first used in public in 1846 where the patient was still conscious but felt no pain throughout the operation.

However, notable milestones in plastic surgery before this time included:

6500BCE When skulls in France were found to have holes drilled into the skull called trepana. This was where a hole was drilled directky into the skull as it was thought to have got rid of health problems. Without anaesthetic, this would have been extremely painful, however people still had it done.

 

1540CE Surgeons and barbers join together to create the United Barber-Surgeons Company who performed blood letting (which wouldn't have been too painful without the anaethetic) and tooth extractions. Tooth extractions would have been really painful without the anaestetic.

 

1818 First transfusion of human blood

1843 First hysterectomy performed in England. Without the use of anaesthetic this would have been painfl however people would have still chosen to go through with it.

Hysterectomys are a very long term procedure which would have extreme consequences. Procedures such as these will be done for different reasons than the cosmetic procedures that I have been looking at (such as boob jobs and nose jobs) and will have different outcomes. For my project I will look further into these types of procedures.

Going through the pain in order to get results would mean that most people would have thought that the results would be worth it. Also, it isn't just the pain when the procedure is happening, it is the hours days or weeks which it takes to heal. The amount of pain killers used and the amount of heko which they will need before things get back to normal. It is these things which I will need to consider when deciding on whether or not plastic surgery is worth it.

My Project?

I will need to look further into things such as hysterectomys

England’s health secretary orders three new inquiries into safety of cosmetic surgery and devices

13th January 2013

England’s health secretary orders three new inquiries into safety of cosmetic surgery and devices

The UK private surgery firm that carried out the greatest number of implants made by the now discredited and bankrupt French company Poly Implant Prosthèse (PIP) has refused to pay for the removal and replacement of the implants, claiming that the fault lies with the government.

The Department of Health for England meanwhile has launched a new inquiry into how to ensure the safety of people seeking cosmetic interventions and insists that it will pursue private companies for payment of operations if those companies refuse to help affected women.

The row over PIP implants has continued this week with an increasingly belligerent exchange of words between the government and the private cosmetic industry—the BMJ understands that 16 major clinics or companies are involved.

Last December the French government announced that it would pay for all 30,000 women in France with PIP implants to have them removed after concerns that they were made with non-medical grade silicone and were possibly more likely to rupture.

In the UK an expert review commissioned by the government concluded that the 40 000 women with these implants should not have them removed automatically. Rather, women should seek clinical advice and, with their doctor’s blessing, the NHS would pay for removal if this was desired but would pay for replacement only for women who were NHS cases (BMJ 2012;344;e249, doi:10.1136/bmj.e249).

The private sector was expected to follow suit, but this week Harley Medical Group, which carried out 13 900 operations with PIP implants in the UK between September 2001 and March 2010, said that it could not fund replacement procedures.

Since the company started collecting rupture data in September 2004, of the 11 837 PIP implant operations done in the UK up to March 2010, 213 ruptures had occurred—around 1.8%.

Harley’s chairman, Mel Braham, told the BBC: “We’re only sitting here today because the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), their [the government’s] own regulatory authority, has approved these implants and obviously hasn’t done their proper checking.

“These implants were first approved in 2001, and we would expect a regulatory authority to continually do spot checks.”

Mr Braham said that the company did not have the resources to replace the implants in nearly 14 000 patients, adding: “We are not geared up to do this type of work, and if we accepted it, we would not be able to finance it. We’d be put out of business.”

Additional pressure on the government came from the Independent Healthcare Advisory Services (IHAS), which represents most of the private healthcare providers that gave women PIP implants.

Its director, Sally Taber, said, “Whilst the intention of the health secretary was to offer guidance, patients are feeling more confused and anxious now than ever before.

“With the current government position remaining unclear, patients want to know the timeline for the further investigations into PIP implants by the MHRA.

“Members of IHAS are as much a victim of this fraud as the NHS and the patients.”

The Welsh Assembly has announced that it will pay for all women in Wales to have their PIP implants removed and replaced on the NHS, regardless of whether they had them done privately or not—a position that England’s Department of Health has rejected.

Scotland is following England’s example, and there are thought not to be any women in Northern Ireland with PIP implants.

England’s health secretary, Andrew Lansley, speaking in the House of Commons on 11 January, said that eight cosmetic surgery companies—including Nuffield Health, Spire Healthcare, and BMI Healthcare—had agreed to remove and replace PIP implants for their customers.

Mr Lansley said it was right that those women who received their care privately should receive a similar level of service and reassurance from their care provider as those women who had received implants on the NHS.

“I do not think it fair to the taxpayer for the NHS to foot the bill for patients who had their operation privately,” he added.

In those cases in which a private clinic no longer existed or refused to help women, the NHS would pay for those women to have their PIP implants removed, in consultation with their doctor, and would then pursue the clinics to seek recovery of the costs.

Mr Lansley also announced that Bruce Keogh, the NHS medical director, would lead a review to look at the arrangements for ensuring the safety of people seeking cosmetic interventions.

There would also be a review of the regulation of medical devices in the UK, to be led by the undersecretary of state for quality, Frederick Howe; and the NHS watchdog the Care Quality Commission would conduct a review of private clinics that offer cosmetic surgery.

Tuesday 8th January 2013: Boob/Moob Reduction Research

THE number of men seeking a moob reduction surged 28 per cent in the last 12 months, figures reveal.

 

Requests for the £2,670 operation soared as blokes try to ditch their man boobs like TV’s James Corden for tidy pecs like David Beckham.

And surgeons say demand rocketed further after the Olympics with Brits keen to copy the bodies of Team GB heroes including Tom Daley and Louis Smith.

Pat Dunion, boss of surgery group Transform, said: “Man boobs can be difficult to shift using exercise alone.

“More and more men who are feeling self conscious about the size of their chest area are turning to chest reduction surgery — also known as gynaecomastia — to overcome their problem and boost their confidence.” Nose jobs have become the second-most popular male procedure, with demand up 17 per cent.

And enquiries about bald-battling hair transplants have increased since Wayne Rooney had the op, up 15 per cent.

Eyebag removal and Botox were in fourth and fifth place for men.

But while blokes are looking to have their baps reduced, more women want to boost the size of their assets.

Enquiries for breast enlargements soared by a record 45 per cent last year.

Overall the number of men and women looking at plastic surgery jumped by 65 per cent in 2012.

 

 

 

The rise in the want and need for this procedure continues to support the vainity theory that I will discuss throughout my EPQ project.
 

http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/4729597/Number-of-men-seeking-a-moob-reduction-soars.html#ixzz2H9ChN6nb

 

Interview

 

 

 

 

The interview on an Americal television channel with a surgeon named Dr Shenker shows the reasons why a lot of people have plastic surgery. It is important that I look at Cosmetic surgery from a professionals point of view as surgery counts for hundreds of thousands of jobs throughout the world. This could be used as another argument of why surgery is worth it as it provides tax money into the economy as well as less unemployment, etc.

The fact that he is doing the interview with a patient gives two sides to the story and she supports the vainity issue which I am going to cover in my article. She says that she wanted the "fullness" that she had before having her children showing that she wanted the enhancement because it looked better whereas others have certain procedures in order to help themselves

 

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZpXycv-Wzk 

 

 

Wednesday 2nd January 2013- Walter Yeo

Walter Yeo was a British sailor who was involved in in a 1916 battle in the seas where he gained severe blast burns to his face and lost his eyelids.

After growth and development of facial repairs hadn't gone far enough, his case stemmed the opening of a hospital which was devoted to facial repairs.

 

 

The image above shows the way in which facial and eyelid surgery imprioved facial injuries and disfigurements in the 1910s which is improtant as I can relate this to how it has dramatically improved (result wise, health and safety wise, etc) and can be used in my project as evidence.

Again, this is an argument against vainity which I will use as a main subject in my project.

www.ast.org/publications/Journal%20Archive/2009/11_November_2009/PlasticHistory.pdf